Improvement in school-desks



\ sv. CRU'MRINE.

SCHOOL-DESK. No. 173,272. Patented Feb.s,187e.

Fly. 3.

WITNESSES IJVVEJV'TOR N. PETERS, PMOTO-LITHDGRAFHER, WASHXNGYON. D. C.

- nm-.TED STATES PATENT OFFICE. A

`{SAMUEL GRUMRINE, .or INDIANAPOLIS, iNDIANA.

IMPROVEMENT IINv SCHOOL-DESKS.

Specification forming -part of I .etters lPatentANo. 173,272, datedV FebruaryB, 1876; applicationliled I December 23, 1875. Y

v to the oor,as will be hereinafter more fully set forth.

In order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains to make and use the same, I will now' proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawing,in which- Figure l is a transverse vertical section of my school-desk. Fig. "2 is a rear elevation of the top part of the same. Fig. 3 is a section through the line w a7, Fig. 1. v.

.A A represent theside pieces of my schooldesk, each of which is cut of a single piece of wood, substantially in the form shown in Fig.V 1. B B represent the slats or strips which form the back of the desk. .These slats have near each end on the rear side a dovetailed cross-groove, a, and the front edges of the upper portions of the end pieces are cut to correspond with said dovetailed cross-grooves, 'so that the slats B may be slipped onto the same oneby one. Before, however, the slats B are thus placed in position, the book-shelf C is inserted in horizontal grooves in the end pieces, so that the bottom slat B of the back will, as itwere, lock the shelf in its place. D D represent the seat-arms, also made of wood, and'pivoted to the end pieces A A by means of wooden pins or lugs b b. E El are the slats or strips forming the seat, which are provided Awith dovetailed grooves near their ends on the' under side, to slip over correspondinglyshaped tenons d on the upper edges of the seat-arms, in the same manner as described for the back B. The inner seat-.Slat E abuts against shoulders 'c e, formed on the seat-arms, i as shown. The seat-arms D D extend a suit-` able distance in rear of -their pivots, and are of such formthat when the seat is turned down for use their rear portions will bear against the` under side ot' the book-shelf C and the lower edge of the bottom slat of the back, while their front port-ions rest upon wooden pins or lugs f, inserted in the end pieces A. By this means the weight is divided in front and rear of the pivots, thus removing vall strain from the pivots, and also preventing the lugs or pins f from breaking. G is the top of the desk, secured, bydovetails, to two arms, H H, which are pivoted to the side pieces A A at or near their upper ends by wooden pins t t'. When the top G is raised for use it is held in position by means of two arms, I I, the lower ends of which are pivoted to a stretcher, 71., connecting the side pieces A A; and the upper ends of said arms are notched to fit over or catch on pins m m, projecting from the inner sides of the arms H H. The stretcher h forms a guard for any books placed on the shelf C at the same time as it forms a brace for the end or side pieces A A. If desired, this stretcher and` its arms I I may be dispensed with, and, in lieu thereof, braces 'J may be pivoted on the outer sides of tle arms H, to enter notches in the rear edges of the side pieces for supporting the top.

It will thus be seen that in the construction of my school-desk there is no screw or nail used in any part 5 but the whole desk is made of wood without metal of any kind, thereby making it cheap as well as strong and durable, and not liable to get out of order. The desk is fastened to the ioor by means of L- shaped irons L L, which are passed down through holes made in the floor forthat purpose, one in front and one in rear of each standard or side' piece, the angles of the irons pointing outward'. The upright portions of the irons are then fastened to thestandards by screws a n, which makes .the desk firm and solid to the floor.

i Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-' 1. .The combination of the standards or side pieces A A, the shelf G, inserted in horizontal grooves therein, and they back slats B B, dovetailed to thc standards and locking the shelf,

all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

2. The combination, with the standards A, shelf C, and back slats B, of the extended arms D D, formed with the shoulders e c, and pivoted to the standards by Wooden pins b, the seat-slats E, dovetailed to the arms D, and the stops f, all substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

3. The combination, with the standards A A, of the arms H H, top Gr, stretcher h, arms I I, and pins m m, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

4. In combination with a school-desk, I claim the L-shaped irons L L, passed through holes in the door and secured to" the standards of the school-desk, substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 22d day of November, 1875.

SAMUEL GRUMRNE.

Witnesses JOSEPH E. STEVENS, L. Dow MCGLAIN. 

